French Republic.CANVAS

Thomas-Alexandre Dumas successfully suppresses the 13 Vendémiaire revolt

Sees regime change

• Directory replaced by Sieyesian regime

New constitution ratified

• Heads of France > 1800-1824 Jean-Jacques-Régis de Cambacérès (Brumairian) becomes head of France and governs the country into an era of moderate republican reform

Ratification of the Civil Code

• Continues practice of forced testation
• Continues no-fault divorce

End of the War of the French Revolution (1792-1804)

• French "national borders" established

France sends fleet to clean up succession dispute in Haiti

• Fleet intercepted by British
• Beginning of Second French War (1821-32)

Second French War (1821-32) escalates into general European war

• Neapolitan Revolution results in Austria declaring war
• Ensuing panic in France sees the rise of Heads of France > 1824-1836 Bernard-Francois de Chauvelin (Coppetard) † to power

With British Wars > Popular Revolution (1827-9), new British Isles issues call for ceasefire

New British Isles formally signs treaty on peace

Second French War (1821-32) comes to an end

1810 constitutional reforms, elections

Italian campaign of the War of the French Revolution (1792-1804)

• French conquest of Sardinia
• French defeat at Milan
• An obscure French general, one Napoleon Bonaparte, dies heroically in Milan

Heads of France > 1824-1836 Bernard-Francois de Chauvelin (Coppetard) † dies

With urban boom, Heads of France > 1824-1836 Bernard-Francois de Chauvelin (Coppetard) † launches city building program, especially in Paris

Opening of US's Wars > Second Quasi War (1839-42), a war of naval skirmishes

US's Wars > Second Quasi War (1839-42) comes to an end with an American victory

After Kingdom of Prussia signs treaty of peace with Austria bringing its role of war to an end, France formally annexes Neuchatel

Outbreak of Roman insurrection during French Wars > Third French War (1847-54)

Outbreak of French Wars > Third French War (1847-54) with the Schleswig crisis, France enters

Heads of France > 1841-1848 Jean-Baptiste Gay (Parti Constitutionnel) fails to respond to the Roman insurrection, is then substituted with Heads of France > 1848-1852 Jean Maximilien Lamarque (Independent - New Republican coalition) †

Franco-Italian navy invades Sardinia and Sicily, succeeds

Franco-Italian troops invade Rome on behalf of crushed rebels, Roman Catholic Popes > 1839-1858 Pius VII flees to Spain

Heads of France > 1848-1852 Jean Maximilien Lamarque (Independent - New Republican coalition) † dies and succeeded by Heads of France > 1852-1857 Louis-Eugene Cavaignac (New Republican) †

Heads of Italy > 1851-1854 Giuseppe Mazzini (Young Italy) signs separate peace with Austria, putting French war effort on backhand

End of French Wars > Third French War (1847-54) with Austrian influence in Germany predominant

Mass strikes in Aix-la-Chapelle and the whole Flanders region, Cavaignac crushes it with extreme brutality

Heads of France > 1852-1857 Louis-Eugene Cavaignac (New Republican) † dies

Heads of France > 1859-1865 Leon de Maleville (National Constitutional Union) successfully restores the gold standard and buyup of gold from the Country folders/Buenaventura/Mineral rushes > California Gold Rush (1854) leads to it being achieved without a chaotic mess of deflation

Recessions > Panic of 1863 begins and sparks chaos in France

Heads of France > 1865-1868 Jules Favre (New Republican) comes to power but fails to stop calamitous deflation

Heads of France > 1868-1872 Louis Frédéric Menabrea (Democratic Union) comes to power as an expert to stabilize economy

Transvaal Gold Rush brings France economic improvement

France's Wars > Franco-Portuguese War (1871-2) begins over renewed slave importation from Africa after Liberty and Union War (1868-76) breaks trans-Caribbean slave trade

France's Wars > Franco-Portuguese War (1871-2) ends, France gets Angola and Laurent Marques and curbs slave trade

Russia's Wars > Second Circassian War (1872-5) begins and France intervenes, Menabrea's inaction means Heads of France > 1872-1877 Jacques Leroy de Saint-Arnaud (Independent-leading Emergency Government) replaces him

Russia's Wars > Second Circassian War (1872-5) ends with Anglo-French-Turkish victory

Heads of France > 1872-1877 Jacques Leroy de Saint-Arnaud (Independent-leading Emergency Government) government collapses over its senility

French Wars > Fourth French War (1880-4) breaks out after mass strikes, Heads of France > 1877-1883 Louis Frédéric Menabrea (Democratic Union) crosses into Westphalia to break it, causes war

With French war effort going badly, Heads of France > 1877-1883 Louis Frédéric Menabrea (Democratic Union) government is defeated

French Wars > Fourth French War (1880-4) comes to an end with Germany unified

Heads of France > 1883-1889 Charles Schurz (Popular Radical) joins the International Forum as part of tendency towards free trade utopianism